Antigone
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Original / primary: Perseus Eng2
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Ismene
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Why do you torture me like this, when it does not help you?
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Antigone
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No, if I mock you, it is to my own pain that I do so.
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Ismene
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Tell me, how can I help you, even now?
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Antigone
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Save yourself. I do not grudge your escape.
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Ismene
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Ah, misery! Will I fall short of sharing your fate?
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Antigone
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Your choice was to live, it was mine to die.
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Ismene
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At least your choice was not made without my protests.
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Antigone
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One world approved your wisdom, another approved mine.
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Ismene
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Nevertheless, the offense is identical for both of us.
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Antigone
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Take heart! You live. But my life has long been
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in Death’s hands so that I might serve the dead.
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Creon
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One of these maidens, I declare, has just revealed her foolishness; the other has displayed it from the moment of her birth.
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Ismene
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Yes, Creon. Whatever amount of reason nature may have given them does not remain with those in dire straits, but goes astray.
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Creon
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Yours did, I know, when you chose dire actions with dire allies.
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Ismene
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What life would there be for me alone, without her presence?
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Creon
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Do not speak of her presence. She lives no longer.
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Ismene
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What? You will kill your own son’s bride?
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Creon
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Why not? There are other fields for him to plough.
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Ismene
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But not fitted to him as she was.
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Creon
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I abhor an evil wife for my son.
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Antigone
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Haemon, dearest! How your father wrongs you!
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Creon
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Enough! Enough of you and of your marriage!
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Chorus
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Will you really cheat your son of this girl?
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Creon
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Death it is who will end these bridals for me.
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Chorus
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Then it seems that it is resolved that she will die.
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Creon
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Resolved, yes, for you and by me. To the two Attendants. No more delay! Servants, take them inside! Hereafter they must be women, and not left at large.
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For it is known that even the brave seek to flee, when they see Death now closing on their life. Exeunt Attendants, guarding Antigone and Ismene. Creon remains.
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Chorus
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Blest are those whose days have not tasted of evil. For when a house has once been shaken by the gods,
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no form of ruin is lacking, but it spreads over the bulk of the race, just as, when the surge is driven over the darkness of the deep by the fierce breath of Thracian sea-winds,
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it rolls up the black sand from the depths, and the wind-beaten headlands that front the blows of the storm give out a mournful roar.
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Chorus
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I see that the ancient sorrows of the house of the Labdacids
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are heaped upon the sorrows of the dead. Each generation does not set its race free, but some god hurls it down and the race has no release. For now that dazzling ray of hope that had been spread
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over the last roots in the house of Oedipus—that hope, in its turn, the blood-stained dust of the gods infernal and mindlessness in speech and frenzy at the mind cuts down.
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Chorus
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But here is Haemon, the last of your offspring. Does he come grieving for the doom of Antigone, his promised bride,
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and bitter for the deceived hope of their marriage?
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Creon
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We will soon know better than seers could tell us.—My son, can it be that after hearing the final judgment concerning your betrothed, you have come in rage against your father? Or do I have your loyalty, act how I may?
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Haemon
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Father, I am yours, and you keep me upright with precepts good for me—precepts I shall follow. No marriage will be deemed by me more important than your good guidance.
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Creon
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Yes, my son, this is the spirit you should maintain in your heart—to stand behind your father’s will in all things. It is for this that men pray: to sire and raise in their homes children who are obedient, that they may requite their father’s enemy with evil and honor his friend, just as their father does.
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But the man who begets unhelpful children—what would you say that he has sown except miseries for himself and abundant exultation for his enemies? Never, then, my son, banish your reason for pleasure on account of a woman,
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knowing that this embrace soon becomes cold and brittle—an evil woman to share your bed and home. For what wound could strike deeper than a false friend? No, spit her out as if she were an enemy, let her go find a husband in Hades.
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For since I caught her alone of all the city in open defiance, I will not make myself a liar to my city. I will kill her. So let her call on Zeus who protects kindred blood. If I am to foster my own kin to spurn order,
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surely I will do the same for outsiders. For whoever shows his excellence in the case of his own household will be found righteous in his city as well. But if anyone oversteps and does violence to the laws, or thinks to dictate to those in power,
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such a one will never win praise from me. No, whomever the city may appoint, that man must be obeyed in matters small and great and in matters just and unjust. And I would feel confident that such a man would be a fine ruler no less than a good and willing subject,
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and that beneath a hail of spears he would stand his ground where posted, a loyal and brave comrade in the battle line. But there is no evil worse than disobedience. This destroys cities; this overturns homes; this breaks
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the ranks of allied spears into headlong rout. But the lives of men who prosper upright, of these obedience has saved the greatest part. Therefore we must defend those who respect order, and in no way can we let a woman defeat us. It is better to fall from power, if it is fated, by a man’s hand,
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than that we be called weaker than women.
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Chorus
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To us, unless our years have stolen our wit, you seem to say what you say wisely.
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Haemon
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Father, the gods implant reason in men, the highest of all things that we call our own.
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For my part, to state how you are wrong to say those things is beyond my power and my desire, although another man, too, might have a useful thought. In any case, it is my natural duty to watch on your behalf all that men say, or do, or find to blame.
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For dread of your glance forbids the ordinary citizen to speak such words as would offend your ear. But I can hear these murmurs in the dark, how the city moans for this girl, saying: No woman ever merited death less—
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none ever died so shamefully for deeds so glorious as hers, who, when her own brother had fallen in bloody battle, would not leave him unburied to be devoured by savage dogs, or by any bird. Does she not deserve to receive golden honor?
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Such is the rumor shrouded in darkness that silently spreads. For me, father, no treasure is more precious than your prosperity. What, indeed, is a nobler ornament for children than the fair fame of a thriving father, or for a father than that of his children?
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Do not, then, bear one mood only in yourself: do not think that your word and no other, must be right. For if any man thinks that he alone is wise—that in speech or in mind he has no peer—such a soul, when laid open, is always found empty.
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No, even when a man is wise, it brings him no shame to learn many things, and not to be too rigid. You see how the trees that stand beside the torrential streams created by a winter storm yield to it and save their branches, while the stiff and rigid perish root and all?
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And in the same way the pilot who keeps the sheet of his sail taut and never slackens it, upsets his boat, and voyages thereafter with his decking underwater. Father, give way and allow a change from your rage. For if even from me, a younger man, a worthy thought may be supplied,
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by far the best thing, I believe, would be for men to be all-wise by nature. Otherwise—since most often it does not turn out that way—it is good to learn in addition from those who advise you well.
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Chorus
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My king, it is right, if he speaks something appropriate, that you should learn from him
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and that you, in turn, Haemon, should learn from your father. On both sides there have been wise words.
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Creon
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Men of my age—are we, then, to be schooled in wisdom by men of his?
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Haemon
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Not in anything that is not right. But if I am young, you should look to my conduct, not to my years.
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Creon
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Is it worthy conduct to honor disrupters?
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Haemon
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I could not urge anyone to show respect for the wicked.
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Creon
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And is she not in the grasp of that disease?
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Haemon
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All the people of this city of Thebes deny it.
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Creon
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Shall Thebes prescribe to me how I must rule?
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Haemon
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See, there, how you have spoken so much like a child.
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Creon
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Am I to rule this land by the will of another than myself?
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Haemon
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That is no city, which belongs to one man.
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Creon
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Does not the city by tradition belong to the man in power?
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Haemon
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You would make a fine monarch in a desert.
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Creon
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This boy seems to be fighting on the side of the woman.
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Haemon
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If you are a woman, for, to be sure, my concern is for you.
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Creon
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You traitor, attacking your father, accusing him!
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Haemon
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Because I see you making a mistake and committing injustice.
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Creon
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Am I making a mistake when I respect my own prerogatives?
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Haemon
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Yes. You do not respect them, when you trample on the gods’ honors.
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Creon
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Polluted creature, submitting to a woman!
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Haemon
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You will never catch me submitting to shamelessness.
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Creon
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You do. Your every word, after all, pleads her case.
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Haemon
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And yours, and mine, and that of gods below.
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Creon
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You can never marry her, not while she is still alive.
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Haemon
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Then she will die, and in death destroy another.
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Creon
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What! Does your audacity run to open threats?
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Haemon
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How is it a threat to speak against empty plans?
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Creon
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You will regret your unwise instructions in wisdom.
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Haemon
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If you were not my father, I would have called you insane.
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Creon
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You woman’s slave, do not try to cajole me.
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Haemon
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Do you want to have your say and then have done without a reply?
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Creon
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Is that so? By Olympus above—know this well—you will have no joy for taunting me over and above your censures.
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Bring out that hated thing, so that with him looking on she may die right now in her bridegroom’s presence and at his side!
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Haemon
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No, not at my side will she die—do not ever imagine it. Nor shall you ever look at me and set eyes on my face again.
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Indulge in your madness now with whomever of your friends can endure it. Exit Haemon.
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Chorus
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The man is gone, King Creon, in anger and haste. A young mind is fierce when stung.
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Creon
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Let him do—no!—let him plan something more immense than befits a man. Farewell to him! Still he will not save these two girls from death.
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Chorus
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Then the pair of them, you really intend to kill them both?
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Creon
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Not the one who did not put her hands to the burial. You are right.
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Chorus
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And by what mode of death do you mean to kill the other?
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Creon
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I will take her where the path is deserted, unvisited by men, and entomb her alive in a rocky vault,
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setting out a ration of food, but only as much as piety requires so that all the city may escape defilement. And praying there to Hades, the only god she worships, perhaps she will obtain immunity from death, or else will learn, at last, even this late,
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that it is fruitless labor to revere the dead. Exit Creon.